Textile fabric



Patented Mar. 8, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM: ALEXANDER DICKIE AND WILLIAM IVAN TAYIOR, F SPONDON, NEAB DERBY, ENGLAND, ASSIGNORS TO CELANESE CORPORATION OF AMERICA, A GOR- I'OBATION OF DELAWARE TEXTILE FABRIC No Drawing. Application filed August 2, 1929, Serial No. 383,153, and in Great Britain September 28, 1928.

This invention relates to textile fabrics and articles, and comprises fabrics and articles which have a novel appearance by reason of the employment therein of yarns or threads having. themselves peculiar and novelcharacteristics.

Textile fabrics and articles according to the invention are characterized bythe employment in the fabric or other textile structure of yarns or threads comprising a number of artificial filaments merged or coalesced to form by their physical union a single unitary filament of larger-denier. All the filaments of the yarn or thread may be physically united, so that the yarn or thread is in effect one large unitary filament. Alternatively, the individual filaments of the yarn or thread may be associated into groups, one or more or all of which may be united into unitary filaments. Thus, the filaments may be divided into groups comprising equal or unequal numbers of filaments, and all the groups may bemerged or coalesced to form a yarn or thread consisting ofunitary fila- 2 ments of larger denier corresponding to the groups chosen. Or again, one or more equal or unequal groups may be selected from the filaments comprising the yarn or thread and united to produce a yarn or thread consisting 80 of unitary filaments corresponding to the groups selected, and one or more individual filaments. Such yarns or threads consisting entirely of a number of unitary filaments or of one or more unitary filaments and one or more individual filaments may be employed with the unitary filaments, or the unitary and individual filaments, in untwisted form, or they may have imparted to them any desired degree of twist. The yarns or threads may 40 also contain other fiyl'larns or threads, or even metallic wires or e tapes, and such other materials may be secured in the structure of the unitary filaments. Thus, for example, unitary filaments composed of cellulose acetate or other or anic derivatives of cellulose may be double with or have incorporated in their structure yarns or threads of viscose nitrocellulose, or cuprammonium artificial silk, or of natural fibres such as silk, cotton, or wool.

The yarns or threads consisting wholly or partly of unitary filaments may be arranged to form figures, patterns or other effects, and they may be employed in the production of fabrics and articles by weaving, knitting, netting, lace-making, or other fabric-forming operations, or in braiding, cording, or other textile operations, and they may be employed alone or in conjunction with yarns or threads consisting of the same artificial filaments or of other natural or artificial filaments or fibres, or with mixed yarns or threads. The unitary filament yarns may, moreover, be doubled or twisted with other yarns.

In fabric-forming operations, the yarns or threads comprising or containing unitary filaments may be arranged to form, for example, bands, stripes, figures, or other designs, or they may be formed, for example into ribbons or hands, being used, say, as weft, on a warp of other yarns or threads of the same or other artificial filaments or of other filaments or fibres.

Unique and pleasing effects are obtained by reason of the different lustre exhibited by the unitary filaments when associated in fabrics or articles with individual filaments, either contained in the same yarns or threads or in other yarns or threads. This effect, may, moreover, be enhanced by dyeing or otherwise colouring the yarns or threads, or the fabrics or articles produced therefrom, the unitary filaments presenting a different appearance from the individual filaments. Cross-dyed effects may be produced in fabrics containing both the unitary filament yarns and yarns of other artificial filaments or of other fibres having a different aifinity for the dye-stuff employed, as well as by us ing unitary filament yarns containing two or more kinds of filaments or-fibres having different afiinities for the dyestufi. Further, the texture and feel of the fabrics or articles may be modified by the employment of the unitary filaments.

As above stated, in yarns or threads containing a number of unitary filaments, or one or more unitary filaments in association with one or more individual or primary filaments, the unitary filaments may vary in denier in accordance with the number of primary filaments united therein. Similarly, when yarns or threads are employed consisting of single unitary filaments,i. e., filaments in whdch all 5 the filaments have been united to form one larger filament, the effects produced by the introduction or employment of the unitary filaments may be augmented by using unitary filaments of difl'erent denier, for example, filaments produced by merging or coalescing either a difi'erent number of primary filaments or a similar number of rimary filaments themselves of different denier.

The invention is particularly applicable to the use of yarns or threads consisting of or containing unitary filaments composed of cellulose acetate, and also to the use of such filaments in association with yarns or threads of filaments of cellulose acetate as normally used in textile fabric-forming operations, or in association with yarns or threads of other natural or artificial filaments or fibres. The invention may also be applied to the employmentin textile fabrics and articlesof yarns or threads consisting of or containing unitary filaments composed of other or anic derivatives of-cellulose, such as cellu ose formate, 1propionate, or butyrate, thiocarbamic or al oxy-alkacyl esters of cellulose, methyl, ethyl, or benzyl cellulose, or the condensation products of cellulose and glycols or other polyhydric alcohols, and also those composed of viscose, nitrocellulose, or cuprammonium artificial silk. I Use may be made of the property which nitric acid has for shrinkin yarns of cellulose acetate or other organic derivatives of cellulose, by submitting fabrics containing yarns comprising one or more unitary filaments of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose to a shrinking treatment with nitric acid, or by employing in the fabrics such yarns which have previously been shrunk by that method. What we claim and desire to secure by Lettors Patent is 1. Textile fabrics comprising in their structure yarns containing at least one unitary filament consisting of a lurality of filaments of cellulose acetate an yarns of fibres different from cellulose acetate coalesced into I physical union.

2. Textilefabrics comprising in their structure yarns containing at east one unitary filament consisting of a plurality of filaments of cellulose acetate and metallic wires secured in their structure by the coalescing of the cellulose acetate filaments.

' In testimony whereof we have hereunto Subscribed our names.

WILLIAM ALEXANDER DIGKIE. WILLIAM IVAN TAYLOR. 

